雅思写作里运用不同的语法结构是相当重要的，大部分考生好像自动把“写作”和“大作文”划上了等号。其实不然在小作文的评分标准中同样也有语法的维度。
一、雅思小作文评分标准
5分：仅能使用有限的语法结构→句式重复较多
6分：综合使用简单句式与复杂句式→可以使用一些简单句+复杂句
7分：运用各种复杂的语法结构→灵活使用，而不是一味使用最长、最难的句式
从评分标准里我们可以看出，若想获得6分及以上的评价，那么需要刻意去使用一些复杂的句型。简单句就是只有一套主谓的句子，比如：
John wanted a decent IELTS band score.
而复杂句型就包括从句、倒装、被动等各种句式，事实上考官期待看到的复杂句型，和我们作为学习者理解的复杂句型会有有一定出入。
定语从句
2008 pass rates in Business, and Maths and Engineering were considerably lower in 2008 than in 2012, which means that the greatest level of improvement took place in these disciplines.
这就是同学们十分的喜欢使用的定语从句，也是很好的组成复杂句的手段之一：
People in Turkey spent on food, drinks and tobacco with the largest percentage, which was 32.14%.
In 2009, personal needs and unexpected problems were each cited by around 10% of people, both of which grew to around 20% ten years later.
宾语从句
The chart provides information about how many employees were away from work in three different years and the reasons given.
这个句型叫宾语从句，常见于小作文的开头段，通常在对题目进行改写时使用，其它的替换表达还有：The diagram/table/figure/illustration/graph + indicates/represents/shows/outlines...
连词
2008 pass rates in Business, Science and Maths and Engineering were considerably lower in 2008 than in 2012, so the greastest level of improvement took place in these disciplines(科目).
这种句式是利用连词将两个句子连接在一起，通常连词的用法没有什么限制，要注意的就是根据使用场景：
表原因结果，连接宏观的规律和微观数据
表转折让步，进行正反信息的对比
表单纯并列，罗列若干同类信息
其它的连词还有and、or、although、because、while、whereas等，通过连词组成复杂句式是比较容易的手段，再举几个例子：
In contrast, the amount in Poland was 10 million initially, and then is increased slightly to 11 million before decreasing almost back to the figure in 1980, at 9.9 million.
Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams).
介词
At just over 80% in 2012 and 70% in 2018, averagepass rates among Computer Science students were by far the highest.
这种是用了介词，使得句子只用了一套主谓结构的同时，保留了两个信息点。其它推荐使用的介词还有in/on/from...to.../between/by/until/with/for/at等。再感受一下其用法：
The percentage change between the two years was clearly the most marked for those studying Business，from a modest 20% in 2008 to a considerably higher level (50%) in 2012.
In 1979, beef was the most popular of these food, with about 225 grams per person per week. |
