托福阅读词汇题联系上下文猜词技巧分享

　　托福阅读中词汇题常被认为是不需要技巧的题型，认识词汇就能做，不认识就难以应对。实际上词汇题的解题并没有这么绝对，通过联系上下文的方式大家也可以在不认识词汇的前提下进行解答。

　　托福阅读词汇题如何联系上下文猜词?这种方法主要根据句子内或者句子间的逻辑关联来猜测词义。常用的有因果关系、转折关系、并列关系、否定关系等等。

　　联系上下文猜词技巧实例讲解

　　例1：Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and since work was specialized,disrupted the regular factory routine.Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it transformed the very nature of work.

　　The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. prolonged

　　B. established

　　C. followed

　　D. upset

　　原句中hurt与disrupt是并列词，含义类似，所以快速确定D选项。这层并列关系是逗号隔开的，在一些句子中，如果看到诸如also/as well as, both…and…, either...or..., neither…nor…, in (the) the same way, equally, similarly/similar to, like/just like, likewise(同样的), while(与此同时), meanwhile(同时), not only...but also... , more...than这样的词也要明确存在的并列关系。

　　例2：Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans.

　　The word precious in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. Exact

　　B. Scarce

　　C. Valuable

　　D. Initial

　　分析：

　　Although指示转折关系，所以前、后半句是相反的含义，前面是limited，所以猜测词汇是limit负面的词，我们可以知道exact表示准确的意思，scarce是指稀有的，和limit属于类似的含义，initial开始的，词义不相干。所以选择C